Question: Describe the parts of a strong name. When and why does an
assembly need to have a strong name?

Answer: see 3.6.2 Versioning

A strong name consists of

• the assembly name
• the version number (Major.Minor.Build.Revision) (default: 0.0.0.0)
• the culture attribute (default: neutral)
• the public key (token)

It is required for installing or executing an assembly in any secure context
(e.g. the GAC (Global Assembly Cache)).